Skip to content
No, China Has Not Declared a State of Emergency Over Respiratory Viruses
Go to my account

No, China Has Not Declared a State of Emergency Over Respiratory Viruses

Increasing cases are in line with seasonal trends.

People line up to register in the hospital in Guangzhou, Guangdong province in China on December 11, 2023. Reports indicate that respiratory infections are starting a time of high occurrence as winter approaches in many areas. (Photo by John Ricky/Anadolu via Getty Images)

Several viral social media posts claim that China has declared a state of emergency as several respiratory viruses spread rapidly across the country.

“⚠️ BREAKING: China 🇨🇳 Declares State of Emergency as Epidemic Overwhelms Hospitals and Crematoriums. Multiple viruses, including Influenza A, HMPV, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and COVID-19, are spreading rapidly across China,” reads one X post with more than 7.3 million views. “🚨mystery disease outbreak in china overwhelms hospitals,” reads a similar post on Instagram.

The posts are mostly false. Chinese authorities have reported an increase in some respiratory infections, but the increases are in line with seasonal trends and no state of emergency has been declared.

According to global health authorities, respiratory infections have increased in China through December and early January. “China is experiencing a large outbreak of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) cases at the moment,” Sanjaya Senanayake, a specialist in infectious diseases at the Australian National University told Politico on Monday. “Although this is a priority for China’s health system, it should not lead to immediate concerns about a new pandemic.”

Respiratory infections typically surge during winter months, however, and are not unusual or unexpected. “Although there has been a recent rise in acute respiratory infections, including seasonal influenza, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and HMPV, particularly in northern provinces of China, the overall scale and intensity of respiratory infectious diseases in China this year are lower than last year,” a representative for the World Health Organization told The Dispatch Fact Check in an email. “A seasonal increase in respiratory pathogens is expected in countries of the northern hemisphere, particularly during the winter period.”

In December, Chinese health officials announced that a new monitoring system for respiratory infections was being trialed in the country and that cases of respiratory infections were expected to increase during the winter. The system should help officials identify, report, verify, and handle unknown pathogens more effectively than in 2019 when COVID-19 first emerged. Unlike COVID-19, however, HMPV is not a novel virus and spreads worldwide every year. According to the Cleveland Clinic, about 10 to 12 percent of respiratory illnesses in children are caused by HMPV. The virus most often presents with similar symptoms to the common cold.

Health officials in the U.S. are aware of increasing HMPV cases in China but are not concerned that the virus presents a high risk to Americans. “[The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] (CDC) is aware of reported increases of HMPV in China and is in regular contact with international partners and monitoring reports of increased disease. These reports are not currently a cause for concern in the U.S.,” Gabriel Alvarado, a CDC spokesperson, told The Dispatch Fact Check. “We can expect that existing surveillance systems will rapidly detect any increase in HMPV cases in the U.S.”

If you have a claim you would like to see us fact check, please send us an email at factcheck@thedispatch.com. If you would like to suggest a correction to this piece or any other Dispatch article, please email corrections@thedispatch.com.

Alex Demas is a fact checker at The Dispatch and is based in Washington, D.C. Prior to joining the company in 2023, he worked in England as a financial journalist and earned his MA in Political Economy at King's College London. When not heroically combating misinformation online, Alex can be found mixing cocktails, watching his beloved soccer team Aston Villa lose a match, or attempting to pet stray cats.

Gift this article to a friend

Your membership includes the ability to share articles with friends. Share this article with a friend by clicking the button below.

Please note that we at The Dispatch hold ourselves, our work, and our commenters to a higher standard than other places on the internet. We welcome comments that foster genuine debate or discussion—including comments critical of us or our work—but responses that include ad hominem attacks on fellow Dispatch members or are intended to stoke fear and anger may be moderated.

With your membership, you only have the ability to comment on The Morning Dispatch articles. Consider upgrading to join the conversation everywhere.